Math Scores At Harmony Creek Middle School Education Essay

This paper is because of an appeal to discover if there is a significant contrast in math preliminary tonss that can be credited to strategies for heading and guidance assignments at Harmony Creek Middle School dependent on ethnicity, financial position and ethnicity. Grades for all students gathered by educator, sex, ethnicity and financial situation as dictated by the qualification of the understudy to quantify up for nothing or diminished money related worth tiffin. An Analysis of Variance preliminary ( ANOVA ) was performed on every data subset and when significant contrasts were discovered a station hoc examination using a basic t-test assuming equivalent disparities was utilized to gauge the nearness of any significant distinction in the normal preliminary tonss in math that might be ascribed to the technique for bearing and other recorded components. Do sexual orientation, ethnicity, financial position, strategy for bearing and educator assignments altogether influence math tonss at Harmony Creek Middle School?IntroductionHarmony Creek Middle School removal has gotten worried about math preliminary imprint in the course of the last a few mature ages and has inspected the development of the arrangement trying to go to the situation. Proficient improvement exercises for the three teachers ‘ directly learning math classifications have been given and a rebuilding of the guidance methodological investigation has been proposed as a potential answer for the activity. At present two of the math educators utilize a measures based instructional technique with the third teacher using an increasingly conventional strategy. This paper will attempt to go to the distinctive guidance techniques alongside sexual orientation, ethnicity, and financial position and in what mode these elements apparently influence the math tonss inside the scho ol. It ought to be noticed that this exploration is truly restricted in nature and farther research is called for in this subject. It ought to other than be noticed that with the constrained data accessible and with the strategies for roll uping the insights that there are potential missteps inside the choices. An investigation of informations covering a few mature ages would perchance be a superior list of the recognized issues and could deliver various results. At present there is some kindness to normalize the guidance strategies inside the school to gracefully progressively predictable bearing of the math plan. Contrasting feelings as to proficiency of conventional guidance strategies versus measures based course exist. Suppositions to the build of collection understudies by ethnicity and by capacities inside social gatherings are other than a subject of some dispute to the staff. Surveies appear to suggest that a standards based schoolroom encourages children to determine a superior valuation for math and causes the student to go a superior basic psyche. Customary techniques for guidance may deliver better procedural achievements yet appears to make little to help understudies go better occupation merged scholars. Gathering students by ethnicity and by capacities has other than been appeared to deliver extremely scarcely any constructive outcomes and will in general truly increment spreads in cognizance and achievements. Appointing understudies to teachers of a similar race have non been appeared to hold a significant outcome being investigated tonss. This paper will break down the preliminary tonss of all math understudies at Harmony Creek Middle School fitting to race, sex, and financial position. Strategies for bearing will other than be inspected to attempt to discover if conventional instructional techniques or standards based techniques are progressively efficacious. It is conjectured that there is no significant contrast in math tonss for understudies dependent on sex, financial position or ethnicity. The speculation is other than that there is no connection between educator task and preliminary tonss dependent on ethnicity.Reappraisal of literaturePast surveies have conjectured that arranged understudies ought to on standard improve and independently should make no less than each piece great. It is other than conjectured that a position request could take to expanded rivalry inside the gathering, harder work by people and to higher ramifications for the gathering in general ( Hoffer, 1992 ) . Different components would hop e to hold some bearing on gathering however as it is every now and again felt that educators consigned to bring down gathering classes would hold lower degrees of occupation fulfillment and that the endeavor of these teachers would intensify. The gathering of understudies by capacity or social gathering may other than follow in inconsistent apportioning of assets, the guidance of inkinesss, for case, would as often as possible non have indistinguishable quality assets and worries from the guidance of Whites ( Harris, 2008 ) . Understudies in higher gathered classifications are bound to be educated by increasingly gifted and spurred teachers who might flexibly progressively interesting heading. Lower arranged classes would be given to focus on fundamental achievements, preliminary preparing and repetition obtaining ( Worthy, 2010 ) . Since lower gathered classes would travel all the more simple and spread less material the spread in content secured would consistently increment. It is as often as possible set forth that capable students are kept down by more slow 1s when all the understudies cooperate in a similar classification ( Goodlad ‘s 1984 ) .MethodsTo look at the productivity of the strategies for course this endeavor utilized the ANOVA preliminary to think about tonss between the students and the three educators trying to discover if the Direct Instruction strategy or the Standards based Instruction yielded higher tonss. A t-test: two example assuming equivalent inconsistencies was utilized a s a station hoc investigation when the ANOVA preliminary showed that there were significant contrasts in the exploration informations subsets. Expecting an arbitrary task of students to the three educators this examination should give outcomes that will let for a seeing as made with regards to the Method of Instruction that would see the most noteworthy math tonss for the understudies. A 95 % confirmation degree was utilized to table the outcomes of this examination. The dataset contains tonss from 216 students. Understudies were relegated to classifications apparently without regard to ethnicity, capacity, sexual orientation or financial situation as every classification contained students stand foring each factor. 71 students were instructed by Ms. Ruger using a Direct Direction or conventional technique for course. 145 understudies were educated by Ms. Smith and Ms. Wesson who both utilize a Standards Based strategy for heading. The investigation of the data was utilized to occur if there was an immediate tie between the Method of Instruction and the math tonss. A t-test: two example assuming equivalent inconsistencies was utilized to think about the tonss for the Direct and the Standards based instructional strategies. The data was other than used to think about the preliminary tonss by variables of ethnicity, sex and financial position being educated using direct instructional technique versus Standards based bearing strategies. A t-test: two example assuming equivalent errors was utilized here other than for contrasting of the tonss.Consequences and Analysis71 understudies were alloted to Ms. Ruger ( direct heading technique ) . 69 understudies were relegated to Ms. Smith and 76 to Ms. Wesson ( measures based technique ) . Understudies instructed using the immediate technique had a normal characteristic of 55.2 and the mean for students in models based classifications was 70.17. The intentional T Stat for this looking at was 6.94 and the basic worth was 1.97. The T Stat being a lot bigger than the basic worth considers the dismissal of the void theory and permits us to assume that there is a significant contrast in the effectivity of the two strategies for heading with the Standards based strateg y resulting in higher math tonss. Male understudies make up 56 % of the populace for this examination. 39 guys were allocated to coordinate course schoolrooms and 81 were alloted to classifications using a rules based technique. The mean for direct course students ( male ) was 53.30 and the mean for standards based understudies ( male ) was 68.20. A t Test gave us an intentional T Stat of 5.13 and a t basic estimation of 1.98. Since the T Stat is bigger than the t Critical we can dismiss the void speculation and happen that there is a significant contrast of the tonss of male students direct way schoolrooms and those instructed in standards based schoolroom with the immediate course strategy giving higher tonss. Female understudies make up 44 % of the populace. 32 females were appointed to schoolrooms using an immediate heading technique and 64 were allocated to measures based strategy classes. The mean for females educated using the immediate course technique was 57.65. The mean for females instructed using the rules based technique was 72.65. A conscious T Stat of 4.78 and a t Critical estimation of 1.98 would let for the dismissal of the void speculation as the T Stat is bigger than the t Critical worth. Dismissing the nothing for this situation would let us to find that the math tonss of females educated using the standards based bearing technique were higher than those of females instructed using the immediate course strategy. Asiatic students make up 24 % of the number of inhabitants in understudies. The figure of Asiatic students instructed under the immediate course technique was 17 and the figure of Asiatic understudies educated under the models based strategy was 36. A t Trial: two followed assuming equivalent errors brought about a mean of 53.70 for Asiatic understudies relegated to teachers using an immediate bearing technique and 71.36 for those Asiatic students doled out to educators using rules based strategies. An intentional T Stat of 3.76 and a t Critical estimation of 2.00. The estimation of the T Stat being bigger that the T Critical worth takes into consideration the dismissal of the void theory and prompts the choice that inside the Asiatic subpopulation those students educated using the measures based technique for heading scored higher in math than those Asiatic understudies instructed using the immediate bearing strategy.

The Role and Influence of U.S. Foreign Policy in Modern Greece Essay

The Role and Influence of U.S. International strategy in Modern Greece US and Greece are tied by a typical legacy and shared equitable qualities (Greece Relations with U.S.). Indeed, around 1.1 million Americans are of Greek legacy, and Greek-Americans involve the seventh biggest beneficiary of U.S. standardized savings benefits. It isn't astounding that this network has assumed a significant job in fortifying Greek and U.S. remote relations. The United States and Greece have taken an interest as partners in World War II, the Korean clash, and the Cold War. Most as of late, Greece has given the United States utilization of its airspace and military resources in the counter-fear based oppression struggle in Iraq (Greece Relations with U.S.). In spite of these positive relations, hostile to American perspectives despite everything win among a large portion of the nation's occupants. In this paper, I will talk about the impact and job of U.S. international strategy in Greece with the expectation that a more clear comprehension of Greek mentalities is picke d up. Throughout the years, Greece's most squeezing international strategy issues have incorporated the disagreement about the name of the Former Yugoslavia Republic of Macedonia; the Cyprus struggle including Turkey; relations with Albania; and debates with Turkey over the Aegean (Greece Foreign Relations). In the goals of these contentions, the United States has accepted an immediate or aberrant job. The absolute latest occasions that have included the United States and Greece all the more straightforwardly incorporate human dealing issues; the September 11, 2001, fear based oppressor assaults; U.S. backing of the military junta that managed Greece from 1967 to 1974; the 1997 war in Kosovo under the Clinton organization; the preliminary of the 17 November psychological oppressor gathering; and security... .../web.lexis-nexis.com/universe>.? ?Human Trafficking Discussed in U.S. by Foreign Ministry Official Dollis.? Government office of Greece. Washington, DC. 11 Nov. 2003. <http://www.greekembassy.org/Embassy/en/content/Article.asps?office=3&folder=224&article=12338>. ?Larger part of EU Citizens Want Independent Foreign Policy From That Of U.S.? Athens News Agency 17 June 2003. Lexis Nexis. James B. Duke Lib. 19 Nov. 2003 <http://web.lexis-nexis.com/universe>. Second Annual Business Conference on Greeceâ€'U.S. Relations.? Government office of Greece Washington, DC.? 19 Nov. 2003 <http://www.greekembassy.org/Embassy/Content/en/ArticlePrint.aspx?office=1folder=24&article=12100>.? ?Wexler Set to Visit Cyprys and Greece.? Monetary Times Information. Worldwide News Wire. 25 June 2003. Lexis Nexis. James B. Duke Lib. 19 Nov. 2003 <http://web.lexis-nexis.com/universe>.

Sex and Religion

Sexual beginning and lead ethics separate among societies and have advanced step by step after some time to what we currently know today. The contention between sexuality (sex) and religion has been ever present in each culture history. This contention, be that as it may, comes in two sections: sex as in the activity and sexuality. The activity of sex, or direct, has a wide range of perspectives that can influence effectively from polar to polar. From the conviction that sex is corrupt and filthy, to the conviction that sex is the most elevated articulation of the awesome, this a model on how the perspective on every religion contrast incredibly from one another. Some strict beliefs accept that lone sex as a methods for organic multiplication between a formal conjugal couple is adequate and even advanced; while then again, sex for the premise of joy is viewed as wicked and looked downward on. There is by all accounts minimal center ground in any of the world’s major and minor religions. In any case, while there might be minimal center ground in the immediate translations of strict messages and qualities, the center ground is made up by society that overall is laid back on such issues with just a couple of prominent people who happen to talk more than they walk. The vast majority keep an eye on such issues with security and prudence. The second of the two clashes is of sexuality and inclination, and this is one that grasps our country and numerous others when truly it ought not. Strict organizations have such an issue with gay-marriage that through long periods of effective campaigning against such conjugal status brought about numerous states restricting or suspending this right. This is a reasonable pointer that the seperation among chapel and state has gotten somewhat of a deception. Out of all the significant beliefs and orders on the planet, the Anglican church is the main branch that even permits gay people to hold any initiative and pastorship position. Being Anglican, I have been instructed that God simply needs everybody to be glad and carry on with a decent life. On the off chance that two same-sex individuals love one another and are glad, at that point why limit their potential outcomes to expand that joy? Simultaneously, gay couples appear to be the main ones not influenced by the appalling circumstance that is a separation. To be completely forthright, it is uncalled for that they get seldom experience any of the agony that a separation brings. Furthermore, it permits separate from lawyers another wilderness to cast their cold shadow over, and include additional impulse in their reservations in damnation. In any case, it’s none of our or any religion’s business to impact the bliss and lives of commonly great individuals who contribute immensly in our reality. In Judaism, sex and generation are the holiest of acts that one can do, they accept this demonstration is the one in particular where one can impersonate God and carry life to the world. Obviously, in the same way as other religions, they authorize monogamous and submitted hetero associations with marriage. However, the Jewish Hebrew Bible denies infidelity and hetero intercourse during when the spouse in her menstrual period, or known as the Niddah. Standard Judaism unequivocally contradict gay sexual acts, while the Traditional division of Judaism sees simply male homosexuality as a grave sin. Considering that, female homosexuality is obviously fine with them †I surmise they are enthusiasts of young lady on-young lady activity. Logical inconsistencies like this simply make the view and ethical quality of sex to strict religions a colossal joke. Be that as it may, there is trust as the open minded perspectives ofReform and Reconstructionist Judaism according to both sexual decent variety and interfaith marriage have added to the ascent in notoriety to in the end making it the biggest Jewish section in the United States. For a considerable length of time

Hospitality and Event Management Market Research

Question: Examine about the Report for Hospitality Emergency Management and The Dirty Twelve. Answer: Presentation A field-tested strategy is a significant instrument and report that clarify the different components that is engaged with a business occasion. It tries to clarify the money related activity of the occasion and the extent of the development and extension of the occasion and the items propelled with it along these lines. The report is set up on the OCBC Cycle Park Ride held in Singapore. The strategy means to set up the statistical surveying that will be used in making the marketable strategy. SWOT investigation, contender examination is utilized in the report. A proposed salary and use area and deals estimate segment is introduced in the marketable strategy, which can be used for making the business arrangement. Statistical surveying The statistical surveying is set up for the games items for skiing rivalry held in Australia. It contains the showcasing blend that is the 4 Ps-to be specific Product, Price, Promotion and Place, contender investigation and SWOT examination that portrays the quality, shortcoming, openings and dangers of the item. Statistical surveying is a significant component for the administration to assess before propelling an item in the market. It is a significant device for the administration to break down and basically assess the populace thickness and social and social angle and feature the foundations that set up skiing as an alternate game. It uncovers the various prerequisites of skiing and components required for skiing and sets up skiing as an alternate game, which assumes a significant job in sports the travel industry (Ferdinand and Kitchin 2012). Item The item that is broadly examined in the strategy is cycling supplies. These are head protectors, gloves, shoe spread, cycle and bicycle devices and frill. The items are made by the prerequisites and needs of the individuals. The items are made by various segment prerequisites and take into account all age class necessities, making it a total and proper item for all individuals. Cost The cost of the item relies upon the financial condition of the nation. The market economy decides the cost of the item. The patterned pattern of economy has an immediate bearing on the cost of the item. The cost of the item runs somewhere in the range of $50 and $150. The cost of the item strongly affects the interest of the purchasers. The cost of the item strongly affects the buying intensity of the purchaser. On the off chance that the costs of the items are sensible, at that point the item merits purchasing for those individuals who are enthusiastic and genuine about the game. The cost of the item decides the estimation of the item as sensible cost of the item increment the estimation of the item (Ferdinand and Kitchin 2012). Spot Spot in statistical surveying alludes to the game where the promoting of the item is finished. In this exploration the statistical surveying alludes to the scene where the opposition and the occasion will be facilitated. The spot is picked remembering most of the populace and the closeness of the setting to the general masses. The picked place in the statistical surveying is Singapore. Pasir Ris Park is the picked n setting. It is one of the well known race tracks for the cycling rivalry held in Singapore. Advancement Advancement is the strategy for advancing and making a familiarity with an item. In this statistical surveying, the special action rely upon the making of familiarity with cycling as a game and the benefits of the game to individuals so as to urge to frame an enthusiasm for the game and take an interest in the occasion. Ad of the occasion is done on a broad scale making a consciousness of the occasion and the advancement of the item. The utilization of person to person communication destinations has been done to engender the possibility of the games item. Web based business is a crucial apparatus for deals advancement. Different markdown and offers are likewise applied with the item to assemble more interest from the client and make a bigger client base of the item (Pizam 2012). Contender Analysis Playing out a contender examination is an exceptionally imperative device. A contender investigation is valuable in giving an understanding the opposition and the degree of contention got from the adversary organizations like Adidas and Nike sports. The distinction can be seen and seen from the sort of sports types of gear they give. This has a significant bearing fair and square of progress and notoriety the occasion gets. In this manner, by directing a contender investigation, the degree of rivalry and the differentiation between the results of the opponent organizations can be seen and watched. SWOT Analysis The SWOT examination is a significant instrument at the removal of the organization to discover about the different qualities, shortcomings, openings and dangers that the items in the occasion will have. Quality In the course of recent weeks, the quality that the item can have the expansion in the marketing projection of the athletic gear in the market. Cycling is one of the standard games in Singapore. The item has seen a solid market hold and has profited by the expanding mindfulness about cycling as a game and as an extraordinary method of relaxation and amusement. The developing propensity of the individuals to hold onto the game as mean of sound living is quick heightening. This will in general make the item a famous and feasible decision for the individuals. The nearness of mainstream supports is additionally an extraordinary quality for the items as the commercial of the item is made through these patrons of the occasions. The backers have likewise received the reward from the ad and deals advancement of the items through their media channels. There is an expansion of 65 % of individuals embracing this style of game as a method of sound living just as method of delivering mental quali ty (Ziakas and Boukas 2014). Shortcoming The shortcoming lies in the absence of reliability and backing from the members of the occasion. The occasion has channelized all the endeavors in the occasion and very little consideration was given on building up an appropriate comprehension and consciousness of the game among the members. The absence of certainty towards the game could make ready of decrease sought after and deals of the item. Subsequently, more faithfulness should be created from the members (Shipway and Fyall 2013). Openings OCBC Cycling rivalry gives items that address the issues of numerous individuals. The item propelled in the opposition joins in and provide food the need of the populace and items as indicated by the prerequisites of various age gathering. The study delineated an expansion of 65 % of individuals receiving and moving towards skiing as the new style of sports and as method of solid style of living and relaxation. Dangers Dangers included are nasty climate and catastrophic events, which may cause a hindrance or upset the occasion. It very well may be seen that these elements can represent a genuine danger to the association and furthermore the changes engaged with requests identifying with a specific season or occasion will in general influence the advertising of the item and the games the travel industry in Singapore. The prevalence of different games like Moto GP and tennis represent a risk (Chin 2013). Proposed Management and Production Structure Section In a strategy, proposed the board has a significant spot and loans a significant attitude toward the operational structure and the operational administration of the occasion, which is fundamental from the view purpose of the partners as the total procedure and the methods engaged with the occasion is investigated and considered. The rental of the skiing setting, the game plan of ski embellishments and items are examined. The security measures and the game plan of clinical staff during the game are additionally basically investigated to comprehend and assess the wellbeing courses of action made for the members. Proposed the executives helps the aides and educators in helping the members during the occasion. Proposed the board and creation structure segment is significant in a field-tested strategy (Andersson and Lundberg 2013). Creation segment covers the angle with respect to what and what number of things are being sold during the occasion. It is the zone of the marketable strategy that covers the operational and monetary part of the occasion. This segment takes a gander at the facilitating part of the occasion (Chin 2013). Anticipated Income and Expenditure The anticipated salary and consumption area is an essential and pivotal component of a field-tested strategy. It is the fundamental structure, which loans far reaching understanding and gives the justification about the attainability and feasibility of the occasion being held and the practicality about the items being propelled during the occasion. The accomplishment of the occasion has direct relationship with the possibility of the item being propelled. The anticipated salary and use traces the different areas of the costs being brought about during the occasion alongside income being created during the occasion. The anticipated pay and consumption covers the different zones like working costs that covers all the costs brought about during the occasion as the immediate costs associated with the occasion. The working costs are the impression of the different consumptions of the occasion. The expense of merchandise sold is assessed and the net benefit created from the occasion is eva luated. The various components of the working pay indicating the different costs brought about during the opposition. The complete income earned during the opposition is deducted from the costs and the net benefit is accomplished. The costs and the salary structure is imperative for the organization since it gives a basic knowledge into the activity of the occasion. The degree of the costs and the degree of the overall revenue accomplished during the occasion gives a far reaching point of view toward the plausibility of the occasion in future and the extent of development and practicality of the items being propelled in the market. It gives a superior understanding whether the occasion is feasib

The Holocaust How it Came to Be - Free Essay Example

The Holocaust is a part of human history that baffles many, and understandably so due to its magnitude. One may find it difficult to conceptualize the sheer number of innocent people killed at the hands of such hatred. Many people wonder how the Holocaust came to creation. Though the Holocaust is a result of an innumerable number of influences, the political and economic situation of Germany following World War I as well as Hitlers subsequent and rapid rise to power largely influenced the conception of this genocide. Devastated with the results of the war and being forced to pay extensive reparations, Germany was in desperate need of a confident leader. Hitler capitalized upon Germanys disparity in order to quickly rise to power and normalize his contempt for Jews. Anti-Semitic legislation created a scapegoat for the hardships of the country, further intensifying the hatred of Jews. The Holocaust, one of the largest genocides in human history, stemmed not only from the detrimental effects of World War One on Germanys economy but was also cultivated through the organized campaign of Hitler that deemed Jews as subhuman. The dehumanization of Jews at the hands of Hitler allowed German citizens to become bystanders to the extermination of an entire populat ion. Hitlers rise to power and ability to spread Anti-Semitism results solely from the political and economic climate which he entered himself into following the first World War. Pre-war Germany and post-war Germany held stark differences in terms of economic prosperity. Before the war, Germany was among the highest economically advanced country in Europe. During the war, Germany was unable to import or export goods. As trade restrictions began to intensify, the small number of resources available in the country were allocated towards the war effort. As the war progressed, war bonds were sold to the public to avoid raising taxes. War bonds were purchased by citizens in order to support the war effort with a promise of the bond amount being paid back. By the end of the war, the government was barren of resources and the German population had driven themselves into debt. The Treaty of Versailles, implemented after the war, drove Germany even deeper into economic disparity. The treaty requir ed Germany to pay extensive war reparations and in turn, put an economic strain on a country already trying to recover from the effects of war. In 1921, this amount was set at 6.6 billion; a sum that Germany could not pay. By December 1922, because the German government could not pay, French and Belgian troops invaded and occupied the Ruhr to take goods and raw materials in lieu of money, (Economic Issues in the 1920s). The presence of French and Belgian troops in Germany launched the economy of the country into a downward spiral. Humiliated by the results of the war, the German government refused to adhere to the French and Belgian troops influence. This refusal would prove to have further detrimental effects on the countrys post-war economy. Thousands of French and Belgian troops seized control of factories, railways, and coal mines by January of 1922. German workers were urged not to comply with the soldiers and many went on strike. (Economic Issues in the 1920s) The strike of German workers, however, only lead to inflation as Germany began to print more money to support the unemployed and pay debts. As more money was being printed, and fewer goods remained in the country prices rose. The government printed more money in an effort to compensate for the price of goods. Soon German currency was of little worth. (Kenney Chace 2011) One might question those who complied to the wishes of the German government by going on strike. However, the country desperately sought to rebuild the nationalism that bonded them together during the war. Clearly, the citizens and government of Germany were in need of a strong leader to help restore economic peace and build the morale of the country. Hitler gladly stepped up to fulfill this role as leader. Hitlers name alone carries a heavy connotation. His name brings to mind hatred, Nazism, and Anti-Semitism. The unique economic situation in Germany permitted Hitler to rise to power. In any other circumstance, a man with such rigid prejudices would not rise to power in the manner that Hitler did. Political strife dominated the country, giving rise to new forms of government. As David F. Crew explains, Fascist political parties and ideologies burst on to the political scenes of many European countries after the end of the war in 1918. Europeans turned to these conservative, rigid parties in response to the massive social disorder caused by this war that killed millions of soldiers in the trenches, threatened millions of civilians with starvation, and destroyed several European governments (12). Hitler understood the concerns of the German citizens following the war and used propaganda as well as his ability to speak to crowds in order to gain a large following. Hitler used his own skills of oratory to appeal to the patriotism of the German people by promising to break free of the restrictions of the Treaty of Versailles. His aim of ending the payment of reparations was especially popular, (How Did the Nazis Gain Support). Hitler inserted himself into a broken country, who was struggling to recover and pay back war reparations; as well as wanting to find a strong leading government, in order to annihilate the Jewish population. His first steps towards annihilating the Jewish population was to enforce Nuremberg laws which deemed Jews as second-class citizens in their own country. Anti-Semitism was not a new concept in Germany. Unfortunately, Hitler cannot be held solely responsible for the Anti-Semitism that starkly increased following World War I. His campaign simply shed light on the pre-existing beliefs of a large majority of the country. As Nick Shepley states, Hitler was the self-appointed spokesman for a generation of Germans, both military and civilian, who wanted to know why the war had been lost and inventing the fantasy of a Jewish conspiracy was convenient, (page 11). The Nuremberg and Anti-Semitic laws enforced by Hitler only further legalized the contempt Germans held against Jews living amongst them. In a sense, the Nuremberg Laws were the beginning of the end of Jewish acceptance in Germany. By stripping Jews of their humanity through these laws, the rationalization of their genocide became increasingly accepted. Richard Heideman supports this notion by stating, The establishment of the Nuremberg Laws was a defining moment in history [. . .] These laws emboldened an entire nation to turn against their fellow citizens, neighbors, colleagues, and friends, many of whom had fought alongside them in the First World War, and subjected the Jewish people to social, economic, and political isolation, ultimately culminating in the attempted mass extermination and genocide of an entire people and other minorities, (par 1). One would find it hard to imagine what it would be like to be a Jewish citizen at the time that Hitler rose to power. The Nuremberg laws certainly made the Jewish existence bleak far before anyone was hauled out of the country. There was no escape from the constant persecution, due to the fact that the persecution was government sanctioned. There was no area safe from the hatred, which steadily increased within the country. Jewish businesses were often destroyed, as well as Jews were often fired during this time. Jewish citizens were completely barred from any occupation allowing self-representation such as media, journalism, public office, etc. (Heideman, par 6) As time went on the Jewish experience in Germany grew increasingly worse. German government undoubtedly made Jewish existence abysmal, but their experience grew increasingly worse as Jews witnessed former neighbors, business partners, friends, etc. turn on them in support of the Nuremberg Laws set in place against Jews. Though the Nuremberg laws were created by Hitler and the German government, the citizens of Germany played an equal if not a larger role in enforcing these laws. When thinking about the dynamic in Germany at the time, one can think of the German government like a match and the German population like gasoline. The government brings the anti-Semitism already present in the country to light. The gasoline or the German population is simply looking for a fuel source to ignite the feelings of Anti-Semitism already at play. When Hitler rose to power and began enforcing the Nuremberg Laws he served as a match to light the gasoline represented by the German population. The gasoline, readily flammable, ignites intensely and erratically. In this case, the persecution and eventual genocide of the Jews is the result of the reaction. The effects of the fire combining with the gasoline are much more catastrophic than the effect of a single match alone. Similar to how the combination of German suppo rt and Hitlers plans lead to much more catastrophic reality for Jews. Richard Heideman cites a perfect example of the influence of the government on the German population. Signs stating Jews Not Welcome were placed in storefront windows. Soon enough, signs and banners stating the same message were plastered in several locations in Germany. However, these signs and banners were not placed by the government, but rather the Jewish citizens. These actions speak loudly to the influence of the German government on its citizens (par 7). Under Hitlers strong leadership and his organized campaign to dehumanize Jews, Germany was a ticking time bomb in regards to the genocide that was soon to follow. One may identify the importance of defining genocide and understanding how it comes to fruition when studying the origins of the Holocaust. Genocides are unique in comparison to the wars that plague our history books because, in contrast to wars, where two forces are fighting with intentions to defeat the other, genocide involves one group that attacks with no reciprocation from the targeted group. Genocide by definition is, a form of one-sided mass killing in which a state or other authority intends to destroy a group, as that group and membership in it are defined by the perpetrator, (Chalk and Jonassohn 23). Hitler, from the beginning of his rise to power, defined the Jews as the perpetrator and defined their existence within Germany for decades to come. The mass murder of an entire population does not happen overnight, or at the hands of one person. The criminalization of a certain group of people must be supported by not only the government but the majority of a countrys populous. Certain conditions have to be proven true in order for a genocide to occur. The perception of the victims of a genocide is crucial. As Frank Chalk and Curt Jonassohn explain, The victims must not only not be equals, but also clearly defined as something less than fully human [. . .] Thus, in order to perform a genocide, the perpetrator has always had to first organize a campaign that redefined the victim group as worthless, outside the web of mutual obligations, a threat to the people, immoral sinners, and/or subhuman (28). Hitler certainly defines the Jews as a group separate from the rest of the German population. By emphasizing the superiority of the Aryan race, and the inferiority of the Jews, he instills division within an already war-broken country. By integrating Anti-Semitic legislation in Germany, Hitler effectively makes it acceptable to not only hold contempt against Jews but act upon that contempt in support of the law. With the belief that Jews were subhuman, thieves, and a plague to their society, German citizens bound together and found the unity they desperately desired following the war in the common goal of purging their country of the evil in the Jewish population. The purging of the evil considered to be Jews would not have been possible without the consent of the German people. Richard Heideman states, Without the German peoples consent and approval, it would have been impossible for the Nazis to enforce their inhumane laws. By first convincing the average German that the loss of the First World War and the economic hardship that followed was all because of the Jews, and subsequently identifying the dangers they represented to every man, woman, and child, the Nazis made the Jew the common enemy of every German and the Reich as a whole This false predicate served as a foundation for the determination and decision that the only answer was extermination as the final solution to the Jewish Question (par 25). Ostracized from society, Jews desperately sought for someone to advocate on their behalf. Fortunately, there were Germans who saw the humanity in Jews and disagreed with the Anti-Semitism rampant in the country, but advocating for Jews was no simple task. Raul Hilberg states, It was difficult to revolt against established order in a society where people were more likely to revolt against revolution, and it was doubly difficult, as well as doubly dangerous, to do so once all the decrees had been put into place and the trains began to roll. The helper in Germany was almost alone, (197). Additionally, The constant presence of the Nazi police force known as the Gestapo most definitely hindered German citizens from advocating on behalf of Jews. German citizens saw what these men were capable of doing to Jews, and certainly did not desire the same fate for themselves. In reference to the presence of the Gestapo, Robert Gellately states, It is true that the citizen never felt far from the gaze of Nazis, whether in public, at work, or even at home, (44). Though the structure in which the Holocaust occurred made it difficult to advocate on behalf of Jews, the majority of inaction can be stemmed back to the indifference of the German people. As the day to day life of the ordinary German citizen improved, it became increasingly easier to look the other way when the extermination of the Jewish population went into full effect. Based on the belief that Jews were subhuman, many Germans were indifferent to the Jewish plight. This indifference allowed Jewish extermination to occur under their nose. The unfortunate truth about the Holocaust is that many Germans led completely ordinary lives. As Eric A. Johnson writes, Most [Germans] slept soundly at night Why should they not have? The economy was improving, most were finding employment, and their country was regaining its pride and still at peace, (253). Towards the later stages of the Holocaust when Jews were sent to concentration camps, it was much easier for the average German not to concern themselves with the well being of the Jews. This attitude of indifference is what allowed the extermination of Jews to exist. Clearly, Hitlers influence and ability to portray Jewish citizens as subhuman plays a larger role in the genocide that stains German history. The Holocaust will forever be a stain in German history as well as human history. The effects of World War One on the German economy clearly set the scene for the conception of the Holocaust. The Nuremberg Laws and Hitlers fast rise to power sanctioned legal persecution of Jews in Germany. Stemming from the belief that Jews were inferior, many Germans took an indifferent stance towards the plight of the Jews and became bystanders to the genocide. The Holocaust did not occur in one night but rather stemmed from a deep hatred spread by the highest authority in the country and legalized by Hitler. When studying the Holocaust one needs to find it crucial to remember the detrimental effects that hate can bring about and work to prevent a similar occurrence for the future.

British Families of South Asian Prefer Arranged Marriages - 1650 Words

Why Many British Families of South Asian Background Prefer Arranged Marriages? (Term Paper Sample) Content: WHY MANY BRITISH FAMILIES OF SOUTH ASIAN BACKGROUND PREFER ARRANGED MARRIAGES?AUTHORDATE:INTRODUCTIONOver the years, South Asians have been known for their tradition of arranged marriages. It is yet to be determined if it the practice is religious or traditional. In spite of most girls and boys in Britain with South Asian origins being educated, most of them still prefer arranged marriages. Majority of them enjoy going to Britain to further their education, but when it comes to looking for spouse they go back to get who their parents choice. Some say they prefer this to keep their customs. Others are because it promotes their image or even fear of gossip, but all these depend with an individual.CUSTOMSIn most Asian communities, it is customary for parents to make marriage arrangements for their children from a tender age. This was a form of creating greater bonds within the families. According to the book Honor and shame to counter generation gap, the writer talks how the girls just get married for the customary reasons. He goes ahead to explain how the girls will go out there and get the education and for the sake of their culture they come home to marry. For those who cannot afford to take their education further take the opportunity to work in the family business or their in laws businesses so as to gain the skills. Some do it to maintain their traditions also be able to pass them down to next generations. Although in most communities the traditions are fading away, most families in Pakistan have managed to keep it. According to R. Stanley in  HYPERLINK "/articles/332/1/Arranged-Marriage-Love-Marriage-and-Cross-Cultural-Marriage/Page1.html" /articles/332/1/Arranged-Marriage-Love-Marriage-and-Cross-Cultural-Marriage/Page1.html he believes in spite some of the girls just do it because they do not have a say rather than maintaining their customs. Kinship ties are also a reason why they consider keeping their culture. Some believe that the lin age they marry from will determine how their families will be. This link is highly considered because of the clusters they have for the clans. It is a taboo if a girl gets married with a boy from a lower cluster. To avoid the courses that come with this, the girls prefer maintaining the culture and taking the choice they have been given. According to the book ,honor and shame to counter generation gap the author emphasizes on this point by saying makes to be even easier for the girls. Most tend to agree in spite the traditions it is easier to work with someone they know hence develop the kinship ties.Culture clash and religionTo avoid culture clash, some girls believe if they go for what their parents have chosen is okay, for it will be easier to avoid these clashes. Some believe that with the wisdom, the parents have they will know the right person for them hence avoid any culture or religion clash. Even if, most children born with parents with different cultures find it to be hard to find an identity, that will mainly depend with the parents. According to Stanley in  HYPERLINK "/articles/332/1/Arranged-Marriage-Love-Marriage-and-Cross-Cultural-Marriage/Page1.html" /articles/332/1/Arranged-Marriage-Love-Marriage-and-Cross-Cultural-Marriage/Page1.html he says the parents especially the mother will determine which culture the children will adopt.EducationDahya, B. (1972), Pakistanis in England in New Community, Vol. 2, pp. 25-33 he clearly talks about how many girls are going to Britain to get further education. In spite of these girls migrating and getting their education, majority still prefer arranged marriages. The education gives them leeway to be better mothers. In spite the education some would consider arranged marriages, so as to maintain their links back home. Getting another educated spouse from home gives them some sense of comfort. When a girl is educated, she is considered of exceptionally high value to the community. Therefore, some parents fi nd it to be crucial to arrange for them their spouse, so as to get more dowries. This becomes more applicable because most of the girls in Britain who are from South Asian background, either come from a poor family or rural background. This also works to their advantage because if one is married of through an arranged marriage it removes the fear of gossip. Most ladies in the western world who are educated are believed that they cannot respect their husbands. Therefore, when one goes through education, it is best if they get married through arranged marriages.ImageBy the time, most ladies in the west get married majority they are not virgins. In the South Asian cultures, Shaw, A. 1998. A Pakistani Community in Britian Oxford, Basil Backwell the woman should be protected, and her virginity is key to this. If one gets married through an arranged marriage, the lady has a better image. This is because on the wedding day the man has to prove that the lady is a virgin; therefore, the lad y takes exceptional care of her image. The arranged marriages also help the families or the couple to avoid promiscuity. If one at the back of their mind, they are aware they have a spouse it will be easier for them to avoid promiscuity and gossip among their peers. If a boy is considered to be the ideal candidate for their daughters, the image of the boy is crucial. Although the spouse are chosen when the partners are still very young, the girl should be married by the time she is 18 years to avoid bringing shame to the family. The arranged marriages are also considered, to avoid bringing shame to the family. In these communities, a girl does not have a say with the marriage she wants. Therefore, for her to keep the image of the family is paramount to obey what has been arranged.UnityThe arranged marriages are normally arranged when the child is as young as four years old. This is done to maintain friendship between the two families. From a tender age, the two families maintain cl ose relation even though the spouses are never meant to meet until when they are ready to marry. This is one of the reason families in Britain prefer having the arranged marriages. If any of the spouses refuses to get married to their selected partner he or, she is considered to be an evil omen to the two families. This is because their friendship will change hence even making the two families enemies.DivorceIn the western world, the divorce rate is high. This makes the British families with the South Asian origin to prefer arranged marriages in relation to what author Ballard, R. 1972. Family Organization amongst the Sikhs in Britain in New Community 2 (1) 12-33. Before one gets married through an arranged marriage, they are taken through some training on how to handle their spouse; this is believed to be the cause why there are fewer divorces among the South Asians. Most westerns are believed not to have respect for their spouse hence the high rate of divorce. If you are coming f rom South Asia submitting is crucial but in the western world, it is taken as a way the woman been mistreated. Divorce is also low with the arranged marriages because the couples are ensured they are compatible before they get married. Unlike falling in love marriages, in arranged marriage the partners should come from ...

Mary Parker Follett Quotes Management, Power Dynamics

Mary Parker Follett was called the prophet of management by Peter Drucker. She was a pioneer in management thinking. Her 1918 and 1924 books laid the groundwork for many later theorists who stressed human relations over the time-and-measurement approach of Taylor and the Gilbreths. Here are some of her words from these books and other writings: Selected Mary Parker Follett Quotations †¢ To free the energies of the human spirit is the high potentiality of all human association. †¢ The group process contains the secret of collective life, it is the key to democracy, it is the master lesson for every individual to learn, it is our chief hope or the political, the social, the international life of the future. †¢ The study of human relations in business and the study of the technology of operating are bound up together. †¢ We can never wholly separate the human from the mechanical side. †¢ It seems to me that whereas power usually means power-over, the power of some person or group over some other person or group, it is possible to develop the conception of power-with, a jointly developed power, a co-active, not a coercive power. †¢ Coercive power is the curse of the universe; coactive power, the enrichment and advancement of every human soul. †¢ I do not think we shall ever get rid of power-over; I do think we should try to reduce it. †¢ I do not think that power can be delegated because I believe that genuine power is capacity. †¢ Do we not see now that while there are many ways of gaining an external, an arbitrary power —- through brute strength, through manipulation, through diplomacy —- genuine power is always that which inheres in the situation? †¢ Power is not a pre-existing thing which can be handed out to someone, or wrenched from someone. †¢ In social relations power is a centripedial self-developing. Power is the legitimate, the inevitable, outcome of the life-process. We can always test the validity of power by asking whether it is integral to the process or outside the process. †¢ [T]he aim of every form of organization, should be not to share power, but to increase power, to seek the methods by which power can be increased in all. †¢ A genuine interweaving or interpenetrating by changing both sides creates new situations. †¢ We should never allow ourselves to be bullied by either-or. There is often the possibility of something better than either of two given alternatives. †¢ Individuality is the capacity for union. The measure of individuality is the depth and breath of true relation. I am an individual not as far as I am apart, but as far as I am a part of other men. Evil is nonrelation. †¢ We cannot, however, mould our lives each by himself; but within every individual is the power of joining himself fundamentally and vitally to other lives, and out of this vital union comes the creative power. Revelation, if we want it to be continuous, must be through the community bond. No individual can change the disorder and iniquity of this world. No chaotic mass of men and women can do it. Conscious group creation is to be the social and political force of the future. †¢ We do not need to swing forever between the individual and the group. We must devise some method of using both at the same time. Our present method is right so far as it is based on individuals, but we have not yet found the true individual. The groups are the indispensable means for the discovery of self by each man. The individual finds himself in a group; he has no power alone or in a crowd. One group creates me, another group brings into appearance the multiple sides of me. †¢ We find the true man only through group organization. The potentialities of the individual remain potentialities until they are released by group life. Man discovers his true nature, gains his true freedom only through the group. †¢ Responsibility is the great developer of men. †¢ The important thing about responsibility is not to whom you are responsible, but for what you are responsible. †¢ This is the problem in business administration: how can a business be so organized that workers, managers, owners feel a collective responsibility? †¢ I do not think that we have psychological and ethical and economic problems. We have human problems, with psychological, ethical and economical aspects, and as many others as you like. †¢ Democracy is an infinitely including spirit. We have an instinct for democracy because we have an instinct for wholeness; we get wholeness only through reciprocal relations, through infinitely expanding reciprocal relations. †¢ [D]emocracy transcends time and space, it can never be understood except as a spiritual force. Majority rule rests on numbers; democracy rests on the well-grounded assumption that society is neither a collection of units nor an organism but a network of human relations. Democracy is not worked out at the polling-booths; it is the bringing forth of a genuine collective will, one to which every single being must contribute the whole of his complex life, as one which every single being must express the whole of at one point. Thus the essence of democracy is creating. The technique of democracy is group organization. †¢ To be a democrat is not to decide on a certain form of human association, it is to learn how to live with other men. The world has long been bumbling for democracy, but has not yet grasped its essential and basic idea. †¢ No one can give us democracy, we must learn democracy. †¢ The training for democracy can never cease while we exercise democracy. We older ones need it exactly as much as the younger ones. That education is a continuous process is a truism. It does not end with graduation day; it does not end when life begins. Life and education must never be separated. We must have more life in our universities, more education in our life. †¢ The training for the new democracy must be from the cradle - through nursery, school and play, and on and on through every activity of our life. Citizenship is not to be learned in good government classes or current events courses or lessons in civics. It is to be acquired only through those modes of living and acting which shall teach us how to grow the social consciousness. This should be the object of all day school education, of all night school education, of all our supervised recreation, of all our family life, of our club life, of our civic life. †¢ What I have tried to show in this book is that the social process may be conceived either as the opposing and battle of desires with the victory of one over the other, or as the confronting and integrating of desires. The former means non-freedom for both sides, the defeated bound to the victor, the victor bound to the false situation thus created -- both bound. The latter means a freeing for both sides and increased total power or increased capacity in the world. †¢ We can never understand the total situation without taking into account the evolving situation. And when a situation changes we have not a new variation under the old fact, but a new fact. †¢ We must remember that most people are not for or against anything; the first object of getting people together is to make them respond somehow, to overcome inertia. To disagree, as well as to agree, with people brings you closer to them. †¢ We need education all the time and we all need education. †¢ We can test our group in this way: do we come together to register the results of individual thought, to compare the results of individual thought in order to make selections therefrom, or do we come together to create a common idea? Whenever we have a real group something new  is  actually created. We can now see therefore that the object of group life is not to find the best individual thought, but the collective thought. A committee meeting isnt like a prize show aimed at calling out the best each can possibly produce and then the prize (the vote) awarded to the best of all these individual opinions. The object of a conference is not to get a lot of different ideas, as is often thought, but just the opposite -- to get at one idea. There is nothing rigid or fixed about thoughts, they are entirely  plastic,  and ready to yield themselves completely to their master -- the group spirit. †¢ When the conditions for collective thinking are more or less fulfilled, then the expansion of life will begin. Through my  group  I learn the secret of wholeness. †¢ We can often measure our progress by watching the nature of our conflicts. Social progress is in this respect like individual progress; we become spiritually more and more developed as our conflicts rise to higher levels. †¢Ã‚  Men descend  to meet? This is not my experience. The  laissez-aller  which people allow themselves when alone disappears when they meet. Then they pull themselves together and give one another of their best. We see this again and again. Sometimes the idea of the group stands quite visibly before us as one which none of us is quite living up to by himself. We feel it there, an impalpable, substantial thing in our midst. It raises us to the nth power of action, it fires our minds and glows in our hearts and  fulfils  and actuates itself no less, but rather on this very account, because it has been generated only by our being together. †¢ The most successful leader of all is one who sees another picture not yet actualised. †¢ If leadership does not mean coercion in any  form,  if it does not mean controlling, protecting or exploiting, what does it mean? It  means,  I think, freeing. The greatest service the teacher can render the student is to increase his freedom -- his free range of activity and thought and his power of control. †¢ We want worked out a relation between leaders and led which will give to each the opportunity to make creative contributions to the situation. †¢ The best leader knows how to make his followers actually feel power themselves, not merely acknowledge his power. †¢ The joint responsibility of management and labor is an interpenetrating  responsibility,  and is utterly different from responsibility divided into sections, management having some and labor some. †¢ Unity, not uniformity, must be our aim. We attain unity only through variety. Differences must be integrated, not annihilated, or absorbed. †¢ Instead of shutting out what is different, we should welcome it because it is different and through its difference will make a richer content of life. †¢ Every difference that is swept up into a bigger conception feeds and enriches society; every difference which is ignored feeds  on  society and eventually corrupts it. †¢ A friendship based on likenesses and agreements alone is a superficial matter enough. The deep and lasting friendship is one capable of recognizing and dealing with all the fundamental differences that must exist between any two individuals, one capable therefore of such an enrichment of our personalities that together we shall mount to new heights of understanding and endeavor. †¢ It is clear then that we do not go to our group -- trade-union, city council, college faculty -- to be passive and learn, and we do not go to push through something we have already decided we want. Each must discover and contribute that which distinguishes him from others, his difference. The only use for my difference is to join it with other differences. The unifying of opposites is the eternal process. †¢ I learn my duty to my friends not by reading essays on friendship, but by living my life with my friends and learning by experience the obligations friendship demands. †¢ We integrate our experience, and then the richer human being that we are goes into the new experience; again we give  ourself  and always by giving rise above the old self. †¢ Experience may be hard, but we claim its gifts because they are real, even though our feet bleed on its stones. †¢ Law flows from our life,  therefore  it cannot be above it. The source of the binding power of law is not in the consent of the community, but in the fact that it has been produced by the community. This gives us a new conception of law. †¢ When we look upon  law  as a thing we think of it as a finished thing; the moment we look upon it as a process we think of it always in evolution. Our law must take account of our social and economic conditions, and it must do it again  to-morrow  and again  day  after to-morrow. We do not want a new legal system with every sunrise, but we do want a method by which our law shall be capable of assimilating from day to day what it needs to act upon that life from which it has drawn its existence and to which it must minister. The vital fluid of the community, its lifes blood, must pass so continuously from the common will to the law and from the law to the common will that a perfect circulation will be established. We do not discover legal principles which it then behooves us to burn candles before forever, but legal principles are the outcome of our daily life. Our  law therefore  cannot be based on fixed principles: our law must be intrinsic in the social proc ess. †¢ Some writers talk of social justice as if a definite idea of it existed, and that all we have to do to regenerate society is to direct our efforts towards the realization of this ideal. But the ideal of social justice is itself a collective and a progressive development, that is, it is produced through our associated life and it is produced anew from day to day.

Abortions Prevent Child Abuse and Poverty Essay - 518 Words

Abortion is one of the most controversial issues in America today. There are approximately 1.5 million abortions every year in this country. Abortion was made legal in the 1970s. However, pro-life activists argue that it is no different than murder. Should the government have the right to take away a womens right to make decisions regarding her own body? The main issue that pro-life people have with abortion is that they believe it causes an unborn child to suffer. However, many children whos mothers want to have an abortion have a reasonable cause and the child is better off being aborted. Most unwanted children are abused and neglected. Some are born addicted to drugs. Why should we make innocent, young children suffer with being†¦show more content†¦Also, the pro-life kids are the ones who shun other children who are from low-income families. Instead of worrying about abortion, it is critical that we worry about children already alive who are being tortured by abusive parents and who are living in poverty. Would anyone want to be born addicted to crack and have withdrawal symtoms and be neglected? Wouldnt it be better to just go back to Heaven with GOD, who takes better care of them. Another issue is world population. Currently, it is over 6 billion. The world is running out of resources. We need to take care of those who are alive already instead of bringing more people into the world who we cannot take care of. Womens rights are guaranteed by the Constitution. It is none of anyone elses business to decide what a women faced with an unwanted pregnancy should do. The Bible does NOT condemn abortion, it is perfectly Christian to be pro-choice. No one understands what it is like to be in the situation until they are there. Girls as young as 12 are becoming pregnant. If they were forced to keep the child, they would live in poverty the rest of their lives and others would look down on them. No one would want to marry them ever and 80 percent of the boys never marry their babys mother. It would be extremely difficult for a teenager to finish high school, much lessShow MoreRelatedCauses and Effects of Teenage Pregnancy Essay813 Words   |  4 Pagesand teens a. Weak relationship b. Too strong of a relationship 3. Drugs 4. Trends a. Social b. Media 5. Abuse B. Effects 1. Unwanted/ unplanned pregnancy 2. Abortion 3. Neglect/ Child abuse 4. Complications a. Maternal deaths b. Birth defects 5. Incomplete education a. Unemployment b. Poverty 6. Social embarrassment 7. Never-ending cycle C. Prevention 1. Self-control a. Abstinence b. Safe sex i. BirthRead MoreThe Issue Of Abortion On The Philippines Essay1620 Words   |  7 Pages Abortion in the Philippines Julian Mayugba Hudson County Community College Abstract This paper goes over the legality status of abortion, the risks of illegal abortion, the overpopulation problem related to pregnancy, the limited availability of contraceptives, and how religion ties these things together in the Philippines. I was inspired to write about pregnancy in the Philippines after learning one of my female friends in the Philippines, who is about the same age as me, had gotten pregnantRead MoreThe Problems of Fetal Protection Laws1702 Words   |  7 Pagesthis means that any action or mistake they make could possibly be interpreted as harm or abuse against their child. Tripping down the stairs, taking the wrong medicine, being involved in an abusive relationship, or even simply being a victim of drug abuse can mark many pregnant women as criminals under new laws. Based on already established prejudices against drug users, the poor, and those who seek abortions, fetal protection laws set a new value on unborn children while serving to devalue the statusRead MoreAbortion Should Be Legalize764 Words   |  3 Pages Everyone has a different view on abortion. Some think it should be legalized while others think that it shouldn’t be. Nowadays, pregnancy is something you see in everyone from teens to adults. Abortion gives the people the right to decide what’s right for them and what’s not. It should be legal because people should be given the right to decide whether or not they’re ready or not to bring someone else into the world and provide for them. Abortion of course is a terrible thing, you have toRead MoreAbortion Persuasive Essay736 Words   |  3 Pagesfavor of abortion rights. The decision was 7-2, it stated that it showed a â€Å"right of privacy.†Abortions have been performed for thousands of years all around the world, even though many women died from it. Women nowadays have a choice of whether they want to get an abortion. Abortions do come with risk, one of them being death, but women should still have a right and say what they want to do with pregnancy and not be judged by others for doing so. Today the debate across the world is if abortion shouldRead MoreShould Abortion Be Legal?1227 Words   |  5 PagesShould abortion be legal? There is an increasingly amount of people that believe that abortion is not erroneous and that this path is morally acceptable. Some advocates have a particular opinion that reproductive choice empowers women by giving them control over their own bodies. They consider that the choice over when and whether to have children is essential to a woman’s independence and capacity to determine her future. They believe that the entitlement to be in charge of your own reproductionRead MoreEssay about Abortion Is Murder1200 Words   |  5 Pages Since 1973, when it became legalized, abortion has been of the most controversial ethical issues in America. In the court case of Roe v. Wade, the Supreme Court came to the conclusion that women have the right to privacy which includes the right to having an abortion. This ruling has caused many controversies and millions of people throughout America protest against abortion every year. Abortion is an operation of other intervention to end a pregnancy by removing an embryo or fetus from the wombRead MoreAbortions Should Not Be Made On Immoral Actions1521 Words   |  7 Pagesweeks of pregnancy to avoid termination. In another article, Margaret Little (2005) reasons that abortions are merely the demise of fetuse s, and not the violation of rights to live. Although the two present themselves in different ways, it can be assumed that Little would ultimately support Kale’s assessments. Perhaps the strongest arguments that Kale provides for this claim is the fact that abortions should not be made on unjustified reasons and his policies would cease women from pregnancy traumaRead MoreSeveral Cases of Violence Against Children1030 Words   |  5 Pagesto child abuse. First of all, we have an epidemic of babies having babies. According to the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry (2012) babies born to teenagers are at risk for neglect and abuse because their young mothers are uncertain about their roles, and may be frustrated by the constant demands of caretaking. They also contend that babies born in the U.S. to teenage mothers are at risk for long-term problems in many major areas of life, including school failure, poverty, andRead MoreProspective Parents Should Have A Lic ense1536 Words   |  7 Pagesveterinarians, cab drivers, soil testers and television repairmen... Are our TV sets and toilets more important than our children?(Tittle). Currently raising a child requires nothing besides two people and some time alone, not to mention the word â€Å"lust.† No education is involved, no background checks are involved; almost anyone and everyone can have a child if they choose to. Sometimes this may even include young teenagers prior to maturity levels you would expect, past or present criminals, and those clearly

The Things They Carried’ by Tim O’Brien Essay - 1233 Words

‘The Things They Carried’ by Tim O’Brien provides a insider’s view of war and its distractions, both externally in dealing with combat and internally dealing with the reality of war and its effect on each solder. The story, while set in Vietnam, is as relevant today with the conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan as it was in the 1960’s and 1970’s in Southeast Asia. With over one million soldiers having completed anywhere from one to three tours in combat in the last 10 years, the real conflict might just be inside the soldier. O’Brien reflects this in his writing technique, using a blend of fiction and autobiographical facts to present a series of short narratives about a small unit of soldiers. While a war story, it is also an unrequited†¦show more content†¦The use of pathos and ethos in tandem strengthens his writing, but also leads to some parts being almost tedious. â€Å"As PFCs or Spec 4s, most of them were common grun ts and carried the standard M-16 gas-operated assault rifle. The weapon weighed 75 pounds unloaded, 8.2 pounds with its full twenty-round magazine. Depending on numerous factors, such as topography and psychology, the riflemen carried anywhere from twelve to twenty magazines†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (O’Brien 1990). This paragraph almost drones on losing the reader in a myriad of technical mumbo jumbo and measurements before getting back on target with the story of the soldier’s life in the field. The organization of the text can be hard to follow when he goes on about the equipment. On the other hand O’Brien takes the role of narrator; clearly he is invested emotionally in the story. However, the drama of the moment can be diluted with too much fact and not enough emotion. Taking each character and peeling back the soldier layers to expose us to the person underneath, he also creates moments that are poignant and riveting. â€Å"For the most part they carried them selves with poise, a kind of dignity. Now and then, however, there were times of panic, when they squealed or wanted to squeal but couldnt. When they twitched and made moaning sounds and covered their heads and said Dear Jesus and flopped around on the earth and fired their weapons blindly and cringed and sobbed and begged for the noise to stop and went wild and madeShow MoreRelatedThe Things They Carried by Tim Obrien1426 Words   |  6 PagesThe War at Home The Things They Carried, by Tim O’Brien, transports the reader into the minds of veterans of the Vietnam conflict. The Vietnam War dramatically changed Tim O’Brien and his comrades, making their return home a turbulent and difficult transition. The study, titled, The War at Home: Effects of Vietnam-Era Military Service on Post-War Household Stability, uses the draft lottery as a â€Å"natural experiment† on the general male population. The purpose of the NBER (National Bureau of EconomicRead MoreThe Things They Carried by Tim O’brien1610 Words   |  7 PagesThe Things They Carried by Tim O’Brien Plot: 1. RISING ACTION †¢ In the summer of 1968, Tim O’Brien receives a draft notice. Despite a desire to follow his convictions and flee to Canada, he feels he would be embarrassed to refuse to fulfill his patriotic duty and so concedes to fight in Vietnam. CLIMAX †¢ During their tour of duty, the men of the Alpha Company must cope with the loss of their own men and the guilt that comes from killing and watching others die. FALLING ACTION †¢ After he returnsRead MoreThe Things They Carried by Tim OBrien1156 Words   |  5 PagesIn Tim O’Brien’s novel, â€Å"The Things They Carried,† imagination is seen to be both beneficial and harmful. This novel consists of a story truth and a real truth. Tim O’Brien writes the book about the Vietnam War based primarily on his memory of the war. He does not remember every detail of the war, thus he makes up some false details to make the story seem more interesting. He does not only describe his own experiences, but also describe the experiences of other characters. He wants the readers toRead MoreThe Things They Carried by Tim OBrien1154 Words   |  5 PagesThe novel The Things They Carried by Tim OBrien begins by Mr. OBrien describing his dramatical events that happened during the middle of his Vietnam experience while he was fighting in the war. Mr. OBrien received his draft notice in the month of June in the year of 1968. When he received this notice Mr. OBrien had feelings of confusion, and that drove him to go north to the Canadian border, and it had him contemplating if he wanted to cross it or not because he does not want to be forced toRead MoreThe Things They Carried by Tim OBrien793 Words   |  3 PagesIn the novel, The Things They Carried, by Tim O’Brien there is an ambiguity assigned to the life of a soldier in the Vietnam war, an ambiguity that represents no clear moral victor, no clear heroes, and seemingly no end. In the movie, Platoon, written and directed by Oliver Stone, the same ambiguity is depicted, with no clear moral direction, no clear heroes, and no clear resolution. In the short story, â€Å"How to Tell a True War Story,† O’Brien talks in great detail about how a true war story, andRead MoreThe Things They Carried by Tim O’Brien550 Words   |  2 Pagespersonnel documents are in order. These are just a few items that need to be checked off of a to-do list, or inventory if you will. In â€Å"The Things They Carried† by Tim O’Brien, the main character, First Lieutenant Jimmy Cross, runs through a series of events that he had his squad carried, both on their person and in their minds. â€Å"The Things They Carried† is about Cross and the soldiers under him and their activities in Vietnam during the war. The story begins with Cross introducing the objectRead MoreThe Things they Carried by Tim OBrien529 Words   |  2 PagesIn the story The Things They Carried Tim O’Brien didn’t mention anything about traditional war heroes. I think this was a great idea, because there are no traditional war heroes. A traditional war hero is someone who is fearless and someone who can’t be harmed mentally or emotionally. But in The Things They Carried the soldiers out on the front lines were emotionally and physically scarred. Tim O’Brien didn’t write about traditional war heroes, O’Brien wrote about normal people, people with differentRead More The Things They Carried by Tim O’Brien580 Words   |  2 Pagesbook, The Things They Carried, author Tim O’Brien tells the captivating story of soldiers and everything they ha d to go through during the Vietnam War. He tells of the many things that change a person during a war and what helped many to get through it. One of the main things that helped them to get through was women. While women did not play a huge role in this book, they did play a very important role. Women were the†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Martha was the lady that Lieutenant Jimmy Cross loved. He carried letters andRead MoreOverview: The Things They Carried by Tim OBrien1510 Words   |  7 Pages The Things They Carried is a novel written by Vietnam Veteran Tim O’Brien. The Vietnam War took place between 1955 and 1975. Most of the soldiers fighting were young teenage men around the age of eighteen and nineteen years old. Like O’Brien many of these young men were pulled away from their families and life to fight a war they didn’t approve of or even know about. This had a strong affect on most of these men and O’Brien uses different ways to show how the Vietnam War affected them both physicallyRead MoreThe Things They Carried by Tim OBrien580 Words   |  2 Pagesdaydreaming and felt the pain of Lavenders death. He came to realize he was to blame for the death of Ted Lavender. Lieutenant Jimmy Cross’ mind was mixed with the emotions of both Martha and the death of Ted Lavender. While Lavenders body was being carried to the chopper, all Lieutenant Cross could think about was Martha. He was thinking about how he loved her more than anything, even more than his men. He believed Ted Lavender was dead because he loved Martha so much and could not stop thinking about

Global Warming, Fact Or Fiction What Is The Evidence For...

Assignment #1- Global Warming, fact or fiction? What is the evidence for or against? Global warming is a constant topic that is frequently discussed throughout the world. Many people including environmentalist, study this topic to determine the seriousness and world impact. The typical understanding of this concept â€Å"global warming† is known to be the total long-term intensification in the temperature present in the atmosphere (3). When discussing this topic, it is still important to consider the fact if Global Warming is actually fact or fiction. In order to evaluate this controversial issue, one would need to discuss evidence for or against the idea of global warming. To further discuss this topic, one should evaluate valid sources that can support one’s conclusions. I believe that Global warming is in fact true and that the evidence that we see in regards to the temperature change and environmental change does defend my perspective. Studies have shown that global surface temperature has increased about 0.74 °C within the last century. The glob al surface temperature is also expected to increase by another 3–5 °C in 100 years to come (5). Even though this relatively small number may seem insignificant to many people, it has caused many changes to the overall atmosphere that can be further discussed. Changes that are associated with the atmosphere and also the climate change have an influence on the biosphere and human environment (1). The warming of earthsShow MoreRelatedGlobal Warming: Fact or Fiction1089 Words   |  5 PagesGlobal Warming: Fact or Fiction Lower Capstone – Unit 3 Independent Project Rozlynn Mundy American InterContinental University Online July 4, 2010 Title: Global Warming: Fact or Fiction Abstract Introduction I. Overview of Global Warming A. Signs of global warming a. Support b. Skepticism II. Effects of Global Warming A. Contributors to global a. Manmade b. Natural Summary Abstract The information found in this paper is designed to raiseRead More Global Warming: Fact Vs. Fiction Essay1564 Words   |  7 PagesGlobal Warming: Fact Vs. Fiction Global Warming -- the gradual increase in planet-wide temperatures -- seems to be accepted by many scientists and people now as fact. Generally, this warming is attributed to the increase of green-house gases in the Earths upper atmosphere. However, some solar scientists are considering whether the warming exists at all. And, if it does, mightRead MoreGlobal Warming Essay1570 Words   |  7 Pages Global warming extremists want us to believe that as global temperatures rise, so do chances of complete extinction of entire species. Natural disasters will become more common, whole continents could one day be under water, and death rates could be at an all time high. This may seem like a bad science fiction novel, but in some ways they might actually be right. At the very least global warming can and will effect humans living in nearly every region. From those living on the coast, to those livingRead MoreGlobal Warming : Skeptics, Naysayers And Money Grabbers2169 Words   |  9 PagesGlobal Warming: Skeptics, Naysayers and Money-grabbers Global warming is an issue which many people, experts or not, have an opinion on and the controversy over its validity has led to two distinct factions: those who believe it is influenced by human actions and those who believe it arises from natural causes. One major consequence of disputing scientific evidence and research that supports anthropogenic (human-caused) climate change due to global warming is the slowing or halting of progress towardsRead MoreThe Issue of Anthropogenic Climate Change2115 Words   |  8 Pagesmore commonly identified as global warming, has become hotly debated in the media and political arenas. Critics argue that global warming does not exist and that it is merely a fiction created by the science community. Such critics argue further that what scientists are describing as global warming is either a transitory condition or part a cyclical situation that has occurred throughout history. As a result of this critical opposition the question becomes global wa rming is a problem that needs immediateRead MoreIs It Bad Or Bad? Essay2479 Words   |  10 Pageshuman who work in offices or buildings, live between a 4-side-wall depend on technology so much that they lock themselves in a bird -cage which prevents them from seeing the depth of the world, we lives depend on what others give us, we use all, we hungry. Many people don t know what is going on on their planet: Earth. So there is no doubt that recently, an article was published by Washington Post Earth in zone of uncertainty on January 15, 2015 has set the alarm that our Earth It becomesRead MoreEssay about Global Warming - How Republicans are Endangering Our Earth3452 Words   |  14 Pagesmajor cities completely underwater. Imagine storms so violent that parts of the world became unlivable. Theses are images that one would expect to find in movie house, but environmental scientists tell us what is now a good setting for science fiction could soon be reality due to global warming. Environmental scientists warn that humans are not only making the Earth inhabitable for animals and plants, but that if humans continues with their current practices, the Earth will soon be inhabitable forRead MoreThe Discovery Of Interstellar Travel1887 Words   |  8 PagesThe idea of interstellar travel was explored methodically in order to answer why one would want to travel to other stars, where in space could humanity realistically travel to, what factors are preventing mankind from reaching these stars and how can they could be overcome. The inquisitiveness of the human mind and the fact that Earth will not be habitable forever is a substantial motivation in favour of interstellar travel. The main requirement for a habitable planet is that it is in the HabitableRead MoreThe Zoo Hypothesis1935 Words   |  8 PagesPossible Solutions Quarantine We really don’t know anything about what kind of life may be out there. There is no way of knowing if other civilisations would even welcome contact with us. It would be completely reasonable to suggest that maybe they are lying low, hoping we don’t ever notice them. After all, we could be hostile and a threat to them for all they know. Once we have located them, they may feel that it is possible we could come to visit, bring advanced weaponry and possibly even diseasesRead MoreAncient Nuclear Weapons (Indus Valley)7132 Words   |  29 Pages Ancient Atom Bombs Fact, Fraud, and the Myth of Prehistoric Nuclear Warfare Contents I. The Myth of Ancient Atomic Warfare 1 II. The First Ancient Atomic Bomb Theories 4 III. The Tesla Death Ray 13 IV. Big Theories, No Evidence 16 V. What It All Means 20 Works Cited 24 ANCIENT ATOM BOMBS? ââ€"  1 I. The Myth of Ancient Atomic Warfare I N FEBRUARY 2008, GLOBAL DIGNITARIES gathered to inaugurate the Svalbard Global Seed Vault, a repository

Reason for Regulating Natural Monopolies and the Effective Strategies

Question: Discuss about the Reason for Regulating Natural Monopolies and the Effective Strategies. Answer: Introduction A natural monopoly is a single firm that supplies a certain line of product for the whole market. It originates from the definition of monopoly where a single seller suppliers the entire market (Bennett Coleman, 2017). This firm has the ability to produce high level of output at a lower cost (Molinuevo Sez, 2014). This ability is created by the presence on entry barriers and the fact that the single firm has increased economies of scale. The government has a role of ensuring that businesses are operated efficiently and that the output is sold at a fair price. The government has two options to ensure fair pricing is observed; one is that it can own the natural monopoly or it can regulate those that are privately owned (McEachern, 2013). The notion that the natural monopoly needs to be regulated is self-explanatory that there is a possibility of unfair practices if the single firm is left to operate with no regulation (Int'L Business Publications, 2015). The major reason why the gove rnment should regulate this firm is because it is the only firm that the whole economy depends on and that the product is on high demand and thus a high possibility of high pricing. Economic regulation has two view; one is that it is interested in the consumers or public welfare by controlling the natural monopoly where a single firms production is more efficient than in a competitive industry. The other view is that producers are interested in the regulation because they depend on it when fixing prices, raising profits and creating entrance barriers. This paper will try to determine whether there is more benefit in regulating a natural monopoly rather than encouraging competition. It will also identify the group that benefit much from the regulation. The theories put forward to explain the strategies the government should implement to regulate the natural monopolies are many. Some of the theories to be covered are the marginal cost pricing, average cost pricing, price caps, etc. All these theories try to establish the way in which the goods offered by the natural monopoly is affordable to the citizens and thus an improvement in social welfare. Other theories such as capture theory and public interest theory shows the interests the government have under regulation. The capture theory tell us that the regulator are interested with the operations of the producer. The public interest theory poses that the interest of the government is on maximizing social welfare by preventing an abuse of market power. Analysis Pettinger (2012) gave several types of natural monopolies and argued that it is more efficient for a single firm to supply the whole economy than a multiple of firms. The reason he posed out is that the fixed costs for the single firm is high and that there is a huge capital requirement to initiate the distribution of the resources supplied by a natural monopoly. He argued that the average cost for the multiple firms would be higher compared to the single firm because this firm already has significant economies of scale. Some of the examples given include tap water; laying of pipes to supply to the entire economy is capital intensive, electricity; its distribution networks are very expensive to initiate, railway transportation; the cost of laying the rails is very high and thus not practically available for competition, the gas distribution and postal services, etc. Economies of scale is the advantage of reduced costs of production enjoyed when a natural monopoly firm produced high l evel of output as shown in the image below. The economies of scale creates a rationale for the government to allow the operation of a natural monopoly rather than allowing competition in this industry. The Average cost of producing Qa units by a multiple of producers is Aca, whereas the cost for producing the higher level quantity Qb by the same natural monopoly is ACb. If a single firm is able to produce quantity Qb at a cost ACB, lets assume that there was entrant of another firm in this industry; if Qb is the maximum level of demand, then it means that the two firms will produce the same level of output; say that each firm produces a half of Qb. This would be at a higher cost as indicated by quantity Qc and cost ACc. This firm has market power for being able to produce at the lowest cost; and this is where the public interest theory comes in. Terry (2012) noted at if there is much benefit for the single firm to supply to the entire economy, the abuse of market power can only be eliminated by the government regulation of pri ce and quantity. Unregulated Natural Monopoly Pricing If the firm was to make its own pricing decision, it would aim at maximizing its profit by producing 10 units of output and selling at $8. This is where its marginal revenue equates its marginal cost (MR = MC) (Welker, 2017). If production took place at this point, the natural monopoly makes an economic profit equal to the shaded area ighj. At this point the consumer surplus is area kij; the consumer surplus is so small and the rest is the producer surplus. This is achievable through causing a deadweight loss equal to jbc. The reason for making an economic profit is that the AC curve at this production point is below the demand curve. The average total cost of producing 10 units is $5 and any price charged above this is the economic profit. Marginal Cost Pricing This is the first option the regulators can consider implementing; this is by ensuring that the optimal social output of 25 units are produced and sold at a social optimal price of $2. This is at the intersection of marginal cost and the industrys demand curve. The government regulation may be such that it forces the natural monopoly to produce at this competitive level and sell at the lower price. If this happens, the natural monopoly will make economic losses since producing 25 units of output requires a cost of $4 which is above the price at which the final output is sold. The economic loss is equivalent to area acdf and may affect the sustainability of the monopolys production in the future. However, its possible for this output to be produced and sold at $2 if only the government subsidized the firm for the economic losses (Economicsonline.co.uk, 2017). This is where the capture theory comes in; the government have to ensure that no losses results on the producers side from prod ucing at the regulated price level. At this point, the consumer surplus is very high and is equivalent to area ack and thus maximizes the social welfare which is the governments goal. There is much benefit for the consumers, while the government subsidies allow the natural monopoly to break even. Average Cost Pricing This is the second option and is considered to be the most appropriate level although the social welfare is not maximized. This is where 20 units of output are produced and sold at the fair-return price shown above. This is at the intersection of the firms ATC and the industrys demand curve (Mankiw, 2011). This is the point at which the firm breaks even and makes no economic profit or loss. Since normal profits are made at this level, regulation would help in sustaining the future production process for this firm. The output produced is higher than the 10 units produced without regulation and the price is lower than $8 the unregulated price. The consumer surplus is also higher than for unregulated monopoly and is equivalent to area kfe. Regulators RPI-X Price Capping This is where the government employs various bodies to limit price increases for utilities such as electricity, water and gas (Tejvan, 2016). The formula used by the regulators is known as the RPI-X where X is the real amount of price increase. An increase is allowable during inflation period. For instance if X is set at 2% and inflation rises by 5%, the natural monopoly may raise price by 5 2 = 3%. The advantage of this is that it is adjustable according to the additional cost requirement where the value of x is reduced. If a natural monopoly is said to be charging high prices, the value of X is raised. It creates an incentive for cost cutting since profit is increased if cost is lowered. The challenge is determining the value of X. Peak Load Pricing This is a two-period kind of price discrimination. There is a period when certain utilities demand is very high and lower in others. This may happen during a single day. An example of such is the electricity consumption; more demand for electricity is experienced during the night as compared to during the day. The peak period is at night and off-peak period during the day. Its advisable for the natural monopolist to charge hiked prices during the peak period and lower prices when demand is low (Schindler, 2012). This increases efficiency because demand is reduced when prices are high; this enables the supplier to meet the increased demand. The peak demand curve is d and the off-peak demand curve is d1. The peak demand quantity is x and the off-peak demand quantity is x1. The peak price is P1 and the off-peak price is P. point A is the peak equilibrium whereas point E is the off-peak equilibrium. There are net gains for increased demand in the off-peak period and reduced demand in the peak period. Peak load pricing is thus advantageous in promoting efficiency in distribution. However, it is a disadvantage to firms whose production operations are tied to peak period since it adds to their production costs. Recommendation A natural monopoly should be maintained as a sole provider of the specific good rather than making this industry a competitive one. It is more economical for the single firm to produce for the whole market demand rather than when more firms are involved. An investor should understand his/her market structure in order to determine the regulations governing the business. Competition is good for an economy, but some natural monopolies should be allowed some market powers with regulation. The various regulations by the government are applicable on different situations which the government should take into consideration. Conclusion It has been deducted from the above research that a natural monopoly is profit oriented if unregulated and thus will only produce the quantity that maximizes its profit (the economic profit level is at MC = MR). At this point, the price for the good charged is unaffordable since its very high. There is lack of competition in this market and this gives the supplying firm significant market power over its output and price; more often, this market power is abused and market price is hiked by limiting output. The government regulates the natural monopoly to ensure that there is sufficient output production that is sold at a lower price by preventing it from maximizing its profit; this is by ensuring that it fixes output and price. There is a challenge for regulators in regulating the price for the natural monopoly; the price that is said to maximize the social welfare is inefficient as it leads to the monopoly making economic losses, and the price charged by the monopoly in order to make some economic profit do reduce the social welfare. The reason for regulation by the government is therefore because it need some firms to retain their monopoly state without abusing their market power. But the outcome of regulation is considered better than without regulation. The research has therefore provided the insight on why natural monopolies should be regulated and also provided various ways in which this can be done. Bibliography Bennett Coleman. (2017). Definition of 'Monopoly'. The Economic Times. Retrieved 5 September 2017, from https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/definition/monopoly. Dharmaratna, D. (2011). Demand, Supply and Welfare Aspects of Pipe-borne Water in Sri Lanka. Cambridge Scholars Pub. Economicsonline.co.uk. (2017). Natural monopolies. Economicsonline.co.uk. Retrieved 5 September 2017, from https://www.economicsonline.co.uk/Business_economics/Natural_monopolies.html. Int'L Business Publications. (2015). Russia energy policy laws and regulations handbook. Intl Business Pubns USA. Kumar, M. (2016). Top 3 Methods of Controlling Monopoly (With Diagram). Economics Discussion. Retrieved 6 September 2017, from https://www.economicsdiscussion.net/monopoly/top-3-methods-of-controlling-monopoly-with-diagram/7294. Mankiw, G. (2011). Principles of economics. Mason, Ohio: Thomson South-Western. McEachern, W. A. (2013). Microeconomics: A contemporary introduction. Mason, Ohio: South-Western. Molinuevo, M. Sez, S. (2014). Regulatory Assessment Toolkit: A Practical Methodology for Assessing Regulation on Trade and Investment in Services. World Bank Publications. Opentextbc.ca. (2017). Monopoly and Antitrust Policy. Opentextbc.ca. Retrieved 6 September 2017, from https://opentextbc.ca/principlesofeconomics/chapter/11-3-regulating-natural-monopolies/. Pettinger, T. (2012). Natural Monopoly. Economicshelp.org. Retrieved 5 September 2017, from https://www.economicshelp.org/blog/glossary/natural-monopoly/. Schindler, R. (2012). Pricing strategies: A marketing approach. Thousand Oaks, Calif: Sage Publications, Inc. Tejvan. (2016). Regulation of monopoly. Economicshelp.org. Retrieved 5 September 2017, from https://www.economicshelp.org/microessays/markets/regulation-monopoly/. Terry, S. (2012). Antitrust Policy and Regulation. Slideplayer.com. Retrieved 5 September 2017, from https://slideplayer.com/slide/7005833/. Welker, J. (2017). Natural Monopoly and the need for Government Regulation. The Economics Classroom. Retrieved 5 September 2017, from https://econclassroom.com/?p=3115.